Vaccine guidelines call for children to receive three polio shots by age two to be considered fully vaccinated. In fact, I think that if we look in every major city in the U.S., we will find vaccine-derived polio in the sewage for sure.” Polio vaccination rates are frighteningly low “We’re looking at the tip of the iceberg.”Īdds virologist Vincent Racaniello of the Columbia University School of Medicine: “I suspect it’s already in many, many places in the U.S. “The fact that we’re finding it in wastewater tells you it’s more common than people appreciate,” says Ian Lipkin, professor of epidemiology at Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health. If a traveler could bring it into one state, other travelers could carry it anywhere. No matter how the virus got here, it is now among us-and it is by no means necessarily limited to the water supply in just three New York regions. Typing of the virus found in the Rockland County man showed that it was indeed a vaccine-derived strain that caused the disease. resident who traveled internationally, picked up the virus from someone who had received the OPV, and brought it back home. But that doesn’t prevent vaccine-derived strains from being imported by travelers from overseas, or by a U.S. stopped using the OPV in 2000 and switched over to the IPV exclusively. To eliminate the problem domestically, the U.S. Typically, there are far fewer cases in a given year. case-and a recent peak year occurring in 2020, when 1,100 cases were reported globally. Measured against those numbers, vaccine-derived polio is low-risk, with a total of 540 global cases so far this year-not including the U.S. Since 2000, reports UNICEF, 10 billion doses of OPV have been administered worldwide. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Since 1988, an estimated 18 million cases of polio have been prevented by vaccination, and 1.5 million lives have been spared, according to the U.S. The disadvantage is that on exceedingly rare occasions, the weakened virus can revert to virulence, causing the disease in the person who received the drops or allowing the revived virus to be shed in feces of the infected person and circulate in wastewater-leading to the possibility of so-called vaccine-derived polio in others.
The big advantage of the OPV is that it is cheaper and much easier to administer, making it the vaccine of choice for mass inoculation campaigns.
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